Public Member Functions | List of all members
DistortedSphereDragForce< CloudType > Class Template Reference
Lagrangian particle models » Submodels » Kinematic » Forces

Particle-drag model wherein drag forces (per unit carrier-fluid velocity) are dynamically computed by using sphereDrag model; however, are corrected for particle distortion by linearly varying the drag between of a sphere (i.e. sphereDrag) and a value of 1.54 corresponding to a disk. More...

Inheritance diagram for DistortedSphereDragForce< CloudType >:
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Public Member Functions

 TypeName ("distortedSphereDrag")
 Runtime type information. More...
 
 DistortedSphereDragForce (CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict)
 Construct from mesh. More...
 
 DistortedSphereDragForce (const DistortedSphereDragForce< CloudType > &df)
 Construct copy. More...
 
virtual autoPtr< ParticleForce< CloudType > > clone () const
 Construct and return a clone. More...
 
void operator= (const DistortedSphereDragForce< CloudType > &)=delete
 No copy assignment. More...
 
virtual ~DistortedSphereDragForce ()=default
 Destructor. More...
 
virtual forceSuSp calcCoupled (const typename CloudType::parcelType &p, const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &td, const scalar dt, const scalar mass, const scalar Re, const scalar muc) const
 Calculate the coupled force. More...
 
- Public Member Functions inherited from ParticleForce< CloudType >
 TypeName ("particleForce")
 Runtime type information. More...
 
 declareRunTimeSelectionTable (autoPtr, ParticleForce, dictionary,(CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict),(owner, mesh, dict))
 Declare runtime constructor selection table. More...
 
 ParticleForce (CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict, const word &forceType, const bool readCoeffs)
 Construct from mesh. More...
 
 ParticleForce (const ParticleForce &pf)
 Construct copy. More...
 
virtual ~ParticleForce ()
 Destructor. More...
 
const CloudType & owner () const noexcept
 Return const access to the cloud owner. More...
 
CloudType & owner () noexcept
 Return reference to the cloud owner. More...
 
const fvMesh & mesh () const noexcept
 Return the mesh database. More...
 
const dictionary & coeffs () const noexcept
 Return the force coefficients dictionary. More...
 
virtual void cacheFields (const bool store)
 Cache fields. More...
 
virtual forceSuSp calcNonCoupled (const typename CloudType::parcelType &p, const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &td, const scalar dt, const scalar mass, const scalar Re, const scalar muc) const
 Calculate the non-coupled force. More...
 
virtual scalar massAdd (const typename CloudType::parcelType &p, const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &td, const scalar mass) const
 Return the added mass. More...
 

Additional Inherited Members

- Public Types inherited from ParticleForce< CloudType >
typedef VectorSpace< Vector< vector >, vector, 2 > returnType
 Convenience typedef for return type. More...
 
- Static Public Member Functions inherited from ParticleForce< CloudType >
static autoPtr< ParticleForce< CloudType > > New (CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict, const word &forceType)
 Selector. More...
 

Detailed Description

template<class CloudType>
class Foam::DistortedSphereDragForce< CloudType >

Particle-drag model wherein drag forces (per unit carrier-fluid velocity) are dynamically computed by using sphereDrag model; however, are corrected for particle distortion by linearly varying the drag between of a sphere (i.e. sphereDrag) and a value of 1.54 corresponding to a disk.

\[ \mathrm{F}_\mathrm{D} = \frac{3}{4} \frac{\mu_c\,\mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D}\,\mathrm{Re}_p}{\rho_p \, d_p^2} \]

with

\[ \mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D} = \mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{D, sphere}} \left( 1 + 2.632 y \right) \]

where

$ \mathrm{F}_\mathrm{D} $ = Drag force per carrier-fluid velocity [kg/s]
$ \mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D} $ = Particle drag coefficient
$ \mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{D, sphere}} $ = Sphere drag coefficient
$ \mathrm{Re}_p $ = Particle Reynolds number
$ \rho_p $ = Particle mass density
$ d_p $ = Particle diameter
$ y $ = Level of distortion determined by other models internally

Constraints:

  • Applicable to particles with a spatially homogeneous distribution.
  • $ 1 \geq y \geq 0 $

References: 

        Standard model:
            Putnam, A. (1961).
            Integratable form of droplet drag coefficient.
            ARS Journal, 31(10), 1467-1468.

        Standard model (tag:AOB):
            Amsden, A. A., O'Rourke, P. J., & Butler, T. D. (1989).
            KIVA-II: A computer program for chemically
            reactive flows with sprays (No. LA-11560-MS).
            Los Alamos National Lab.(LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States).
            DOI:10.2172/6228444

        Expression correcting drag for particle distortion (tag:LMR):
            Liu, A. B., Mather, D., & Reitz, R. D. (1993).
            Modeling the effects of drop drag
            and breakup on fuel sprays.
            SAE Transactions, 83-95.
            DOI:10.4271/930072
Usage
Minimal example by using constant/<CloudProperties>: 
subModels
{
    particleForces
    {
        distortedSphereDrag;
    }
}

where the entries mean:

Property Description Type Reqd Deflt
type Type name: distortedSphereDrag word yes -
Note
  • $\mathrm{F}_\mathrm{D}$ is weighted with the particle mass at the stage of a function return, so that it can later be normalised with the effective mass, if necessary (e.g. when using virtual-mass forces).
See also
Source files

Definition at line 168 of file DistortedSphereDragForce.H.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ DistortedSphereDragForce() [1/2]

DistortedSphereDragForce ( CloudType &  owner,
const fvMesh &  mesh,
const dictionary &  dict 
)

Construct from mesh.

Definition at line 46 of file DistortedSphereDragForce.C.

◆ DistortedSphereDragForce() [2/2]

DistortedSphereDragForce ( const DistortedSphereDragForce< CloudType > &  df)

Construct copy.

Definition at line 58 of file DistortedSphereDragForce.C.

◆ ~DistortedSphereDragForce()

virtual ~DistortedSphereDragForce ( )
virtualdefault

Destructor.

Member Function Documentation

◆ TypeName()

TypeName ( "distortedSphereDrag"  )

Runtime type information.

◆ clone()

virtual autoPtr<ParticleForce<CloudType> > clone ( ) const
inlinevirtual

Construct and return a clone.

Reimplemented from ParticleForce< CloudType >.

Definition at line 208 of file DistortedSphereDragForce.H.

◆ operator=()

void operator= ( const DistortedSphereDragForce< CloudType > &  )
delete

No copy assignment.

◆ calcCoupled()

Foam::forceSuSp calcCoupled ( const typename CloudType::parcelType &  p,
const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &  td,
const scalar  dt,
const scalar  mass,
const scalar  Re,
const scalar  muc 
) const
virtual

Calculate the coupled force.

Reimplemented from ParticleForce< CloudType >.

Definition at line 70 of file DistortedSphereDragForce.C.

References Foam::clamp(), p, Foam::Re(), Foam::sqr(), y, and Foam::Zero.

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The documentation for this class was generated from the following files: