Public Member Functions | List of all members
SphereDragForce< CloudType > Class Template Reference
Lagrangian particle models » Submodels » Kinematic » Forces

Particle-drag model wherein drag forces (per unit carrier-fluid velocity) are dynamically computed based on empirical expressions. More...

Inheritance diagram for SphereDragForce< CloudType >:
Inheritance graph
[legend]
Collaboration diagram for SphereDragForce< CloudType >:
Collaboration graph
[legend]

Public Member Functions

 TypeName ("sphereDrag")
 Runtime type information. More...
 
 SphereDragForce (CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict)
 Construct from mesh. More...
 
 SphereDragForce (const SphereDragForce< CloudType > &df)
 Construct copy. More...
 
virtual autoPtr< ParticleForce< CloudType > > clone () const
 Construct and return a clone. More...
 
void operator= (const SphereDragForce< CloudType > &)=delete
 No copy assignment. More...
 
virtual ~SphereDragForce ()=default
 Destructor. More...
 
virtual forceSuSp calcCoupled (const typename CloudType::parcelType &p, const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &td, const scalar dt, const scalar mass, const scalar Re, const scalar muc) const
 Calculate the coupled force. More...
 
- Public Member Functions inherited from ParticleForce< CloudType >
 TypeName ("particleForce")
 Runtime type information. More...
 
 declareRunTimeSelectionTable (autoPtr, ParticleForce, dictionary,(CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict),(owner, mesh, dict))
 Declare runtime constructor selection table. More...
 
 ParticleForce (CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict, const word &forceType, const bool readCoeffs)
 Construct from mesh. More...
 
 ParticleForce (const ParticleForce &pf)
 Construct copy. More...
 
virtual ~ParticleForce ()
 Destructor. More...
 
const CloudType & owner () const noexcept
 Return const access to the cloud owner. More...
 
CloudType & owner () noexcept
 Return reference to the cloud owner. More...
 
const fvMesh & mesh () const noexcept
 Return the mesh database. More...
 
const dictionary & coeffs () const noexcept
 Return the force coefficients dictionary. More...
 
virtual void cacheFields (const bool store)
 Cache fields. More...
 
virtual forceSuSp calcNonCoupled (const typename CloudType::parcelType &p, const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &td, const scalar dt, const scalar mass, const scalar Re, const scalar muc) const
 Calculate the non-coupled force. More...
 
virtual scalar massAdd (const typename CloudType::parcelType &p, const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &td, const scalar mass) const
 Return the added mass. More...
 

Additional Inherited Members

- Public Types inherited from ParticleForce< CloudType >
typedef VectorSpace< Vector< vector >, vector, 2 > returnType
 Convenience typedef for return type. More...
 
- Static Public Member Functions inherited from ParticleForce< CloudType >
static autoPtr< ParticleForce< CloudType > > New (CloudType &owner, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict, const word &forceType)
 Selector. More...
 

Detailed Description

template<class CloudType>
class Foam::SphereDragForce< CloudType >

Particle-drag model wherein drag forces (per unit carrier-fluid velocity) are dynamically computed based on empirical expressions.

\[ \mathrm{F}_\mathrm{D} = \frac{3}{4} \frac{\mu_c\,\mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D}\,\mathrm{Re}_p}{\rho_p \, d_p^2} \]

with

\[ \mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D} = \frac{24}{\mathrm{Re}_p} \left(1 + \frac{1}{6}\mathrm{Re}_p^{2/3} \right) \quad \mathrm{if} \quad \mathrm{Re}_p \leq 1000 \]

\[ \mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D} = 0.424 \quad \mathrm{if} \quad \mathrm{Re}_p > 1000 \]

and

\[ \mathrm{Re}_p = \frac{\rho_c \, | \mathbf{u}_\mathrm{rel} | \, d_p}{\mu_c} \]

where

$ \mathrm{F}_\mathrm{D} $ = Drag force per carrier-fluid velocity [kg/s]
$ \mathrm{C}_\mathrm{D} $ = Particle drag coefficient
$ \mathrm{Re}_p $ = Particle Reynolds number
$ \rho_p $ = Particle mass density
$ \mu_c $ = Dynamic viscosity of carrier at the cell occupying particle
$ d_p $ = Particle diameter
$ \rho_c $ = Density of carrier at the cell occupying particle
$ \mathbf{u}_\mathrm{rel} $ = Relative velocity between particle and carrier

Constraints:

  • Particles remain spherical throughout the force computation, hence no particle distortion.
  • Applicable to particles with a spatially homogeneous distribution.

References: 

        Standard model:
            Putnam, A. (1961).
            Integratable form of droplet drag coefficient.
            ARS Journal, 31(10), 1467-1468.

        Expressions (tag:AOB), (Eq. 34-35):
            Amsden, A. A., O'Rourke, P. J., & Butler, T. D. (1989).
            KIVA-II: A computer program for chemically
            reactive flows with sprays (No. LA-11560-MS).
            Los Alamos National Lab.(LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States).
            DOI:10.2172/6228444
Usage
Minimal example by using constant/<CloudProperties>: 
subModels
{
    particleForces
    {
        sphereDrag;
    }
}

where the entries mean:

Property Description Type Reqd Deflt
type Type name: sphereDrag word yes -
Note
  • $\mathrm{F}_\mathrm{D}$ is weighted with the particle mass/density at the stage of a function return, so that it can later be normalised with the effective mass, if necessary (e.g. when using virtual-mass forces).
Source files

Definition at line 173 of file SphereDragForce.H.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ SphereDragForce() [1/2]

SphereDragForce ( CloudType &  owner,
const fvMesh &  mesh,
const dictionary &  dict 
)

Construct from mesh.

Definition at line 43 of file SphereDragForce.C.

◆ SphereDragForce() [2/2]

SphereDragForce ( const SphereDragForce< CloudType > &  df)

Construct copy.

Definition at line 55 of file SphereDragForce.C.

◆ ~SphereDragForce()

virtual ~SphereDragForce ( )
virtualdefault

Destructor.

Member Function Documentation

◆ TypeName()

TypeName ( "sphereDrag"  )

Runtime type information.

◆ clone()

virtual autoPtr<ParticleForce<CloudType> > clone ( ) const
inlinevirtual

Construct and return a clone.

Reimplemented from ParticleForce< CloudType >.

Definition at line 213 of file SphereDragForce.H.

◆ operator=()

void operator= ( const SphereDragForce< CloudType > &  )
delete

No copy assignment.

◆ calcCoupled()

Foam::forceSuSp calcCoupled ( const typename CloudType::parcelType &  p,
const typename CloudType::parcelType::trackingData &  td,
const scalar  dt,
const scalar  mass,
const scalar  Re,
const scalar  muc 
) const
virtual

Calculate the coupled force.

Reimplemented from ParticleForce< CloudType >.

Definition at line 67 of file SphereDragForce.C.

References p, Foam::Re(), Foam::sqr(), and Foam::Zero.

Here is the call graph for this function:
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files: