twoPhaseSystem.C

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
  =========                 |
  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Copyright (C) 2013-2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
    Copyright (C) 2020 OpenCFD Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
    This file is part of OpenFOAM.

    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
    for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include "twoPhaseSystem.H"
#include "dragModel.H"
#include "virtualMassModel.H"

#include "MULES.H"
#include "subCycle.H"
#include "UniformField.H"

#include "fvcDdt.H"
#include "fvcDiv.H"
#include "fvcSnGrad.H"
#include "fvcFlux.H"
#include "fvcSup.H"

#include "fvmDdt.H"
#include "fvmLaplacian.H"
#include "fvmSup.H"

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

namespace Foam
{
    defineTypeNameAndDebug(twoPhaseSystem, 0);
    defineRunTimeSelectionTable(twoPhaseSystem, dictionary);
}


// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

Foam::twoPhaseSystem::twoPhaseSystem
(
    const fvMesh& mesh
)
:
    phaseSystem(mesh),
    phase1_(phaseModels_[0]),
    phase2_(phaseModels_[1])
{
    phase2_.volScalarField::operator=(scalar(1) - phase1_);

    volScalarField& alpha1 = phase1_;
    mesh.setFluxRequired(alpha1.name());
}


// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

Foam::twoPhaseSystem::~twoPhaseSystem()
{}


// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::twoPhaseSystem::sigma() const
{
    return sigma
    (
        phasePairKey(phase1().name(), phase2().name())
    );
}


Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Kd() const
{
    return Kd
    (
        phasePairKey(phase1().name(), phase2().name())
    );
}


Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Kdf() const
{
    return Kdf
    (
        phasePairKey(phase1().name(), phase2().name())
    );
}


Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Vm() const
{
    return Vm
    (
        phasePairKey(phase1().name(), phase2().name())
    );
}


void Foam::twoPhaseSystem::solve()
{
    volScalarField& alpha1 = phase1_;
    volScalarField& alpha2 = phase2_;

    const dictionary& alphaControls = mesh_.solverDict(alpha1.name());

    label nAlphaSubCycles(alphaControls.get<label>("nAlphaSubCycles"));
    label nAlphaCorr(alphaControls.get<label>("nAlphaCorr"));

    bool LTS = fv::localEulerDdt::enabled(mesh_);

    word alphaScheme("div(phi," + alpha1.name() + ')');
    word alpharScheme("div(phir," + alpha1.name() + ')');

    const tmp<surfaceScalarField> tphi1(phase1_.phi());
    const surfaceScalarField& phi1 = tphi1();
    const tmp<surfaceScalarField> tphi2(phase2_.phi());
    const surfaceScalarField& phi2 = tphi2();

    // Construct the dilatation rate source term
    tmp<volScalarField::Internal> tdgdt;

    if (phase1_.divU().valid() && phase2_.divU().valid())
    {
        tdgdt =
        (
            alpha2()
           *phase1_.divU()()()
          - alpha1()
           *phase2_.divU()()()
        );
    }
    else if (phase1_.divU().valid())
    {
        tdgdt =
        (
            alpha2()
           *phase1_.divU()()()
        );
    }
    else if (phase2_.divU().valid())
    {
        tdgdt =
        (
          - alpha1()
           *phase2_.divU()()()
        );
    }

    alpha1.correctBoundaryConditions();

    surfaceScalarField phir("phir", phi1 - phi2);

    tmp<surfaceScalarField> alphaDbyA;
    if (DByAfs().found(phase1_.name()) && DByAfs().found(phase2_.name()))
    {
        surfaceScalarField DbyA
        (
            *DByAfs()[phase1_.name()] + *DByAfs()[phase2_.name()]
        );

        alphaDbyA =
            fvc::interpolate(max(alpha1, scalar(0)))
           *fvc::interpolate(max(alpha2, scalar(0)))
           *DbyA;

        phir += DbyA*fvc::snGrad(alpha1, "bounded")*mesh_.magSf();
    }

    for (int acorr=0; acorr<nAlphaCorr; acorr++)
    {
        volScalarField::Internal Sp
        (
            mesh_.newIOobject("Sp"),
            mesh_,
            dimensionedScalar(dimless/dimTime, Zero)
        );

        volScalarField::Internal Su
        (
            mesh_.newIOobject("Su"),
            // Divergence term is handled explicitly to be
            // consistent with the explicit transport solution
            fvc::div(phi_)*min(alpha1, scalar(1))
        );

        if (tdgdt.valid())
        {
            scalarField& dgdt = tdgdt.ref();

            forAll(dgdt, celli)
            {
                if (dgdt[celli] > 0.0)
                {
                    Sp[celli] -= dgdt[celli]/max(1 - alpha1[celli], 1e-4);
                    Su[celli] += dgdt[celli]/max(1 - alpha1[celli], 1e-4);
                }
                else if (dgdt[celli] < 0.0)
                {
                    Sp[celli] += dgdt[celli]/max(alpha1[celli], 1e-4);
                }
            }
        }

        surfaceScalarField alphaPhi1
        (
            fvc::flux
            (
                phi_,
                alpha1,
                alphaScheme
            )
          + fvc::flux
            (
               -fvc::flux(-phir, scalar(1) - alpha1, alpharScheme),
                alpha1,
                alpharScheme
            )
        );

        phase1_.correctInflowOutflow(alphaPhi1);

        if (nAlphaSubCycles > 1)
        {
            tmp<volScalarField> trSubDeltaT;

            if (LTS)
            {
                trSubDeltaT =
                    fv::localEulerDdt::localRSubDeltaT(mesh_, nAlphaSubCycles);
            }

            for
            (
                subCycle<volScalarField> alphaSubCycle(alpha1, nAlphaSubCycles);
                !(++alphaSubCycle).end();
            )
            {
                surfaceScalarField alphaPhi10(alphaPhi1);

                MULES::explicitSolve
                (
                    geometricOneField(),
                    alpha1,
                    phi_,
                    alphaPhi10,
                    (alphaSubCycle.index()*Sp)(),
                    (Su - (alphaSubCycle.index() - 1)*Sp*alpha1)(),
                    UniformField<scalar>(phase1_.alphaMax()),
                    zeroField()
                );

                if (alphaSubCycle.index() == 1)
                {
                    phase1_.alphaPhiRef() = alphaPhi10;
                }
                else
                {
                    phase1_.alphaPhiRef() += alphaPhi10;
                }
            }

            phase1_.alphaPhiRef() /= nAlphaSubCycles;
        }
        else
        {
            MULES::explicitSolve
            (
                geometricOneField(),
                alpha1,
                phi_,
                alphaPhi1,
                Sp,
                Su,
                UniformField<scalar>(phase1_.alphaMax()),
                zeroField()
            );

            phase1_.alphaPhiRef() = alphaPhi1;
        }

        if (alphaDbyA.valid())
        {
            fvScalarMatrix alpha1Eqn
            (
                fvm::ddt(alpha1) - fvc::ddt(alpha1)
              - fvm::laplacian(alphaDbyA(), alpha1, "bounded")
            );

            alpha1Eqn.relax();
            alpha1Eqn.solve();

            phase1_.alphaPhiRef() += alpha1Eqn.flux();
        }

        phase1_.alphaRhoPhiRef() =
            fvc::interpolate(phase1_.rho())*phase1_.alphaPhi();

        phase2_.alphaPhiRef() = phi_ - phase1_.alphaPhi();
        phase2_.correctInflowOutflow(phase2_.alphaPhiRef());
        phase2_.alphaRhoPhiRef() =
            fvc::interpolate(phase2_.rho())*phase2_.alphaPhi();

        Info<< alpha1.name() << " volume fraction = "
            << alpha1.weightedAverage(mesh_.V()).value()
            << "  Min(alpha1) = " << min(alpha1).value()
            << "  Max(alpha1) = " << max(alpha1).value()
            << endl;

        // Ensure the phase-fractions are bounded
        alpha1.clamp_range(SMALL, 1 - SMALL);

        // Update the phase-fraction of the other phase
        alpha2 = scalar(1) - alpha1;
    }
}


// ************************************************************************* //